What is High Blood Pressure?

Also called hypertension, high blood pressure happens when the heart is pumping too hard to move blood through the body. High blood pressure occurs when arteries become too narrow, resulting in the heart having to work extra hard to get the blood to flow through them effectively. 

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What Causes High Blood Pressure?

There are two types and each is caused by a combination of factors such as: 

• Primary Hypertension
  • Stress
  • Poor lifestyle choices (diet & exercise)
  • Weight
  • Smoking
  • Genetics
• Secondary Hypertension – may come on suddenly
  • Thyroid problems
  • Medication side effects
  • Sleep apnea
  • Kidney disease

How is Blood Pressure Measured?

Two factors go into determining blood pressure:

• Systolic Pressure – Pressure of blood when the heart beats
  • Normal Range < 120 mm/Hg

• Diastolic Pressure – Pressure of blood when the heart is at rest
  • Normal Range < 80 mm/Hg

High blood pressure is diagnosed when either one or both of those numbers are outside the normal range. There are 3 stages of high blood pressure: 

• Stage 1 Hypertension
  • Systolic Pressure 130-139 mm/Hg
  • Diastolic Pressure 80-89 mm/Hg

• Stage 2 Hypertension – Managed with medication
  • Systolic Pressure 140-179 mm/Hg
  • Diastolic Pressure 90-119 mm/Hg

• Critically High Blood Pressure – Seek medical attention immediately
  • Systolic Pressure over 180
  • Diastolic Pressure over 120

What are the Risks and Symptoms?

Unfortunately, high blood pressure does not present detectable symptoms to warn you of its presence. The first clue, unfortunately, may be a heart attack or stroke. These potentially life-threatening risks are why it is vital to be under the care of a primary care doctor who will monitor your blood pressure regularly, especially if you have relevant risk factors.

How is it Treated?

While certain medications can help treat high blood pressure, making lifestyle changes is vital to keeping it under control. After a comprehensive examination, Dr. Emi will design a program for your needs in weight loss, nutritional education, or any other methods that may help you maintain healthy blood pressure.